
以头痛和(或)头晕为主诉的儿童卵圆孔未闭三例
Copy editor: 洪悦民
收稿日期: 2022-03-09
网络出版日期: 2022-09-09
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(81602219)
Three children of patent foramen ovale with headache and ( or ) dizziness as chief complaints
Received date: 2022-03-09
Online published: 2022-09-09
头痛、头晕是儿童和青少年常见的躯体症状之一,但其诊断无客观生物学指标,且儿童不能准确理解与描述头痛和头晕的性质,因此以头痛和(或)头晕为主诉的卵圆孔未闭(PFO)患儿易被误诊或漏诊。该文报道3例患儿,均以头痛和(或)头晕为主诉。例1经心脏彩色多普勒超声(彩超)、右心声学造影、经颅多普勒超声(TCD)发泡试验确诊为无先兆型偏头痛合并PFO,接受卵圆孔封堵术后恢复良好。例2经右心声学造影、经食管超声心动图确诊PFO,予口服硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗,出院后仍有头晕,无明显头痛,未规律用药。例3经右心声学造影及 TCD发泡试验诊断为PFO,予口服阿司匹林片治疗,规律用药,症状未再发。对于表现为头痛和(或)头晕的患儿,在排除常见病因后,行右心声学造影及TCD发泡试验有助于早期发现PFO及相关异常,值得临床推广应用。
林娟 , 陈奋华 , 陈虹 , 纪经智 , 韦锦焕 . 以头痛和(或)头晕为主诉的儿童卵圆孔未闭三例[J]. 新医学, 2022 , 53(8) : 612 -615 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9802.2022.08.015
Headache and dizziness are common physical symptoms in children and adolescents. However, no objective diagnostic biomarkers are available. Moreover, children fail to accurately understand and describe the nature of headache and dizziness. Therefore, it is likely to misdiagnose or miss the diagnosis of children with patent foramen ovale (PFO) presenting with headache and (or) dizziness as chief complaints. In this article, three children diagnosed with PFO developed headache and(or) dizziness as chief complaints. Case Ⅰ was diagnosed with migraine without aura complicated with PFO by heart color Doppler ultrasound (color ultrasound), right echocardiography and transcranial Doppler (TCD) bubble test, who was recovered well after undergoing PFO closure. Case Ⅱ was diagnosed with PFO by right echocardiography and trans-esophageal echocardiography, and orally treated with clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets. After discharge, the patient still developed dizziness without evident headache, and did not take medicine on a regular basis. Case Ⅲ was diagnosed as PFO by right echocardiography and TCD bubble test. The patient was given with aspirin on a regular basis, and relevant symptoms did not recur. For children with headache and(or) dizziness, right echocardiography and TCD bubble test contribute to prompt diagnosis of PFO and relevant abnormalities after eliminating conventional causes, which is worthy of application in clinical practice.

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