
如何识别和利用低口语能力孤独症儿童的优势

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Laurent Mottron,加拿大蒙特利尔大学医学院教授,加拿大健康科学院院士,国际自闭症研究学会(INSAR)Fellow,蒙特利尔大学孤独症谱系基础与应用认知神经科学的马塞尔和罗兰德·戈塞林研究所主席。研究领域:孤独症认知神经心理学、学者综合征、非社交与社交信息的感知处理、孤独症智力与学习、优势本位干预以及孤独症研究者在科学领域的整合,近年来致力于基于临床专业知识重新定义孤独症的临床和研究诊断标准。曾任多本国际学术期刊副主编,包括Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,Autism,Cognitive Neuropsychology和Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders。E-mail: laurent.mottron@gmail.com。 |
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Claudine Jacques,加拿大魁北克大学乌塔韦分校心理教育与心理学系教授,乌塔韦地区综合卫生与社会服务中心(CISSS de l’ Outaouais)和蒙特利尔北区综合大学卫生与社会服务中心(CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’ Île-de-Montréal)长期研究员。研究领域:孤独症,基于兴趣和优势的孤独症、发育迟缓及非典型发育个体干预,国际发展背景下的研究项目,与学术界和实践机构合作以改善对孤独症个体及其他特殊需要群体的相关实践。E-mail: claudine.jacques@uqo.ca。 |
Copy editor: 洪悦民
收稿日期: 2024-10-31
网络出版日期: 2025-01-13
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(31900775)
华南师范大学儿童青少年阅读与发展教育部哲学社会科学实验室开放课题资助项目
How to identify and use the strengths of a non-verbal autistic child
Received date: 2024-10-31
Online published: 2025-01-13
典型孤独症个体通常在学龄前阶段缺乏口语能力,但却时常表现出与自身显著功能障碍不符的独特优势,而传统的智力评估往往无法识别这些优势。在此,文章提出一种优势本位的取向,以理解低口语能力孤独症儿童及与其进行互动。该方法强调识别因社交沟通困难和对重复行为的传统理解而被掩盖的独特智能。通过观察这些儿童对结构化物体、模式和电子屏幕的兴趣,照顾者和临床工作者得以洞察他们的认知潜力。文章进一步提出利用孤独症优势以提升孤独症儿童生活幸福感的方法,包括使用“侧向辅导”——一种非侵入性的并肩互动方式,作为与孤独症儿童建立联系的途径,尊重他们内在的学习风格以实施更有效的干预。
Laurent Mottron , Claudine Jacques , 于洛迪 . 如何识别和利用低口语能力孤独症儿童的优势[J]. 新医学, 2024 , 55(12) : 965 -970 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9802.2024.12.002
Persons with prototypical autism often present unique strengths that traditional intelligence assessments overlook, together with absence of oral language at the preschool age. Here, we propose a strengths-based approach in understanding and engaging with non-verbal autistic children. It emphasizes recognizing unique intellectual abilities often masked by communication challenges and conventional understanding of repetitive behaviors. By observing these children’s interests in structured objects, patterns, and screens, caregivers and clinicians can gain insights into their cognitive potential. We then present methods to leverage autistic strengths to support wellbeing of the families, including using “lateral tutorship” —a non-intrusive, side-by-side engagement method—as a way to connect with autistic children, respecting and utilizing their intrinsic learning style.

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