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唐倩倩,硕士研究生,研究方向:围术期重要器官保护,E-mail: tangqianqiandoctor@163.com |
Copy editor: 郑巧兰
收稿日期: 2025-06-13
网络出版日期: 2025-10-28
基金资助
四川省中医药管理局科学技术研究专项项目(25ZDIZX035)
四川省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2023ZYD0168)
Advances in application of prehabilitation strategies in elderly surgical patients
Received date: 2025-06-13
Online published: 2025-10-28
伴随人口老龄化以及医疗服务的改善,患者对外科手术的需求逐步增加。然而,手术在控制疾病的同时,也会给机体带来损伤。老年患者由于心肺代偿能力下降,其围术期并发症发生率及死亡率均明显升高。预康复是基于加速康复外科理念提出的在术前阶段为提高患者对即将到来的生理压力的耐受性,而采取一系列措施以增强患者功能储备、优化营养状况、改善心理状况的过程,从而降低术后并发症的发生率,并提高患者术后生活质量。本文综述预康复策略应用于老年手术患者的研究进展,包括预康复的概念、发展现状、具体干预措施、推荐应用时间、面临的挑战及其在老年手术患者中的应用效果,旨在为制定标准化老年预康复干预方案提供临床指导,以期改善老年手术患者预后。
唐倩倩 , 左智超 , 安静 , 周萌萌 , 姜春玲 . 预康复策略在老年手术患者中应用进展[J]. 新医学, 2025 , 56(10) : 1030 -1038 . DOI: 10.12464/j.issn.0253-9802.2025-0191
With the aging of the population and improvements in medical services, the demand for surgical procedures among patients has been steadily increasing. However, while surgery helps control diseases, it also causes damage to the body. Elderly patients, due to reduced cardiopulmonary compensatory capacity, have significantly higher rates of perioperative complications and mortality. Prehabilitation is a process based on the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), involving a series of measures implemented in the preoperative phase to enhance patients’ tolerance to upcoming physiological stress. These measures aim to strengthen functional reserves, optimize nutritional status, and improve psychological well-being, thereby reducing the incidence of postoperative complications and enhancing postoperative quality of life. This article reviews the current research progress on the application of prehabilitation strategies in elderly surgical patients, including the concept of prehabilitation, its current status, specific intervention measures, recommended application timing, challenges faced, and its application outcomes in elderly surgical patients. The aim is to provide clinical guidance for developing standardized prehabilitation intervention protocols for the elderly, with the goal of improving the prognosis of elderly surgical patients.
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