A comparative study of characteristics and influence factors of colorectal serrated lesions and traditional adenomas

Objective To explore the difference of influencing factors between colorectal serrated lesions (SLs) and traditional adenoma (TA), and to provide some reference for the prevention of two kinds of colorectal precancerous lesions.

Methods A convenient sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1172 patients scheduled for colonoscopy at the Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. The patients were divided into control group, SLS group and Ta Group according to colonoscopy and pathological detection, using Disordered multinomial logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of the two types of lesions.

Results Three groups of patients differed in age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, history of gastrointestinal surgery, smoking index, alcohol consumption, and intake of sugary beverages, with statistically significant differences (χ² = 70.793, 26.223, 18.800, 6.479, 10.485, 8.971, 43.737, 31.064, 12.694, all P ＜ 0.05); regression analysis results showed that older age: 45-59 years (OR = 3.415, 95%CI (2.242, 5.200)), ≥ 60 years (OR = 6.645, 95%CI (4.180, 10.563)), male (OR = 1.695, 95%CI (1.198, 2.399)), coronary heart disease (OR = 4.683, 95%CI (1.399, 15.677)), and heavy alcohol consumption (OR = 2.032, 95%CI (1.131, 3.649)) were independent risk factors for TA; while moderate smoking (OR = 4.943, 95%CI (2.101, 11.633)), heavy smoking (OR = 2.910、95%CI (1.233, 6.868)), intake of sugary beverages (OR = 2.216, 95%CI (1.187, 4.137)), and hypertension (OR = 2.567, 95%CI (1.369, 4.814)) were independent risk factors for SLs.

Conclusions The influencing factors identified by TA and SLs differ, with no common factors observed. To prevent the detection of SLs and TA, smoking and alcohol consumption should be avoided, intake of sugary beverages should be restricted, and steer clear of hypertension and coronary heart disease. For older individuals, males, and those who already diagnosed with hypertension and coronary heart disease, colonoscopy should be performed promptly or the interval between colonoscopies should be shortened as necessary.