Tumor immune escape in hematological malignancies

Hematological malignancies are a group of malignant clonal diseases which derive from the category of hematopoietic system tissues, mainly including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma and multiple myeloma, etc. Multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms cause the loss of anti-tumor function of T lymph cells, leading to tumor immune escape, which develops into hematological malignancies. Tumor-induced T lymph cell incompetence and T lymph cell depletion are also the mechanisms underlying immune escape in tumor patients. Immunologists have intensively investigated the immune pathogenesis of tumors and constantly overcome T lymph cell dysfunction, making immunotherapy a novel effective strategy for the treatment of human tumors. Immunotherapy covers tumor vaccine, cytokine therapy, donor lymph cell infusion, immunoblockers and CAR-T lymph cell therapy, etc. In this article, the immune escape mechanism of tumors and effector T lymph cells were briefly summarized, and immunotherapy was introduced.