Effect of CD34 and different drug regimens on the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia

Objective To investigate the effect of CD34 ⁺, NPM1 ⁺, DA and CAG regimens on the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia （AML）. Methods The clinical outcomes of 59 AML patients were retrospectively analyzed to compare the clinical efficacy of DA and CAG regimes between patients with CD34 ⁺and CD34 ^-, NPM1 ⁺ and NPM1 ^-. Results Of the 59 patients, 15 cases were CD34 ^- and 44 cases of CD34 ⁺. The complete remission rate and recurrence rate did not significantly differ between CD34 ^- and CD34 ⁺ patients （both P > 0.05）. Among recurrent patients, the remission time before recurrence and the proportion of NPM1 ⁺ significantly differed between CD34 ^- and CD34 ⁺ patients （both P < 0.05）. The complete remission rate in NPM1 ^- patients was 78.7% （37/47） and 91.7% （11/12） in NPM1 ⁺ counterparts with no statistical significance （P = 0.432）. In CD34 ⁺ patients, NPM1 ⁺ patients did not recur after complete remission. CAG regime yielded significantly higher complete remission rate than DA regime （P < 0.05）. The recurrence rate after complete remission in DA regime was considerably lower compared with that in CAG regime （P < 0.05）. Conclusions AML patients with CD34 ⁺ present with short remission time before recurrence. Among them, those with NPM1 ⁺ obtain excellent clinical prognosis. CAG regime contributes to complete remission, and DA regime can effectively prevent the risk of recurrence.