Etiology and maternal and infant outcomes of pregnancy complicated with thrombocytopenia

Objective To investigate the etiology and maternal and infant outcomes of pregnancy complicated with thrombocytopenia. Methods Clinical data of 228 pregnant women complicated with thrombocytopenia were collected. According to the platelet count during pregnancy, all patients were divided into the mild （（51-100）×10⁹/L）, moderate （（30-50）×10⁹/L） and severe thrombocytopenia groups （< 30×10⁹/L）, respectively. The etiology, and maternal and infant outcomes were statistically compared among three groups. Results Among 228 pregnancies complicated with thrombocytopenia, 159 patients （69.8%） presented with mild thrombocytopenia, 33 cases （14.5%） of moderate thrombocytopenia and 36 cases （15.8%） of severe thrombocytopenia. The etiology mainly included pregnancy-associated thrombocytopenia （63.6%）, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura （11.8%）, HELLP syndrome （3.9%）, systemic lupus erythematosus （3.9%） and preeclampsia and eclampsia （2.2%）. The incidence of fetal loss, preterm labor, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal thrombocytopenia and gestational week significantly differed among three groups （all P < 0.05）. In the severe group, the incidence of fetal loss, preterm labor, postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal thrombocytopenia was significantly higher, whereas the gestational week was significantly shorter compared with those in the mild groups （all P < 0.017）. Conclusions The etiology of pregnancy complicated with thrombocytopenia is complex. The etiology primarily includes pregnancy-associated thrombocytopenia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,HELLP syndrome, SLE, preeclampsia and eclampsia. Patients with platelet count < 30×10⁹/L are more likely to have an increased incidence of fetal loss, preterm labor, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal thrombocytopenia.