数字疗法干预孤独症谱系障碍的临床研究进展

Clinical research progress of digital therapy intervention in autism spectrum disorder

  • 摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种以社交缺陷和重复刻板行为及狭窄兴趣为核心的神经发育障碍性疾病,病程多持续终身且高度致残,给患者家庭带来沉重的经济负担与精神压力。传统疗法治疗ASD存在资源不足和个体化治疗难以实现的局限。近年来,随着科技的进步,数字疗法作为一种新兴手段,在ASD的临床管理中发挥着重要作用,通过虚拟现实、人工智能、眼动追踪及多模态数据融合等数字化技术,为ASD的筛查、诊断和干预提供了新路径。数字疗法通过客观捕捉量化ASD微观行为特征,可提升早期筛查与诊断的效率与准确性;并依托沉浸式交互训练平台改善ASD患者的社交沟通、社会认知及情绪调节等核心症状;融合可穿戴设备与人工智能算法实现远程动态管理与家庭赋能培训,实时监测ASD行为数据,为照护者提供个性化指导,缓解家庭心理压力并提升照护能力。文章旨在综述数字疗法筛查,诊断和干预ASD的临床应用现状和研究进展,以期为ASD的治疗提供新思路。

     

    Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with social deficits and repetitive stereotyped behaviors and narrow interests as the core. The course of ASD is lifelong and highly disabling, bringing heavy economic burden and mental pressure to families. Traditional therapy for ASD has the limitations of insufficient resources and difficulty achieving personalized treatment. In recent years, with the progress of science and technology, digital therapy, as an emerging means, plays an important role in the clinical management of ASD. Through digital technologies such as virtual reality, artificial intelligence, eye tracking, and multimodal data fusion, it provides a new path for the screening, diagnosis, and intervention of ASD. Digital therapy can objectively capture and quantify the micro-behavioral characteristics of ASD, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of early screening and diagnosis. The immersive interactive training platform was used to improve the core symptoms of ASD, such as social communication, social cognition, and emotion regulation. Wearable devices and artificial intelligence algorithms were integrated to realize remote dynamic management and family empowerment training, monitor ASD behavior data in real time, provide personalized guidance for caregivers, relieve family psychological pressure, and improve care ability. This article aims to review the clinical application status and research progress of digital therapy for screening, diagnosis, and intervention of ASD, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of ASD.

     

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