Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous magnesium sulfate in improving postoperative sleep quality. Methods Clinical randomized controlled trials assessing the role of intravenous magnesium sulfate in improving postoperative sleep quality were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP Database, and Grey Literature Database. The retrieval time was from the date of database inception to March 2024. The included literatures were subject to meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software after quality evaluation. Results A total of 256 surgical patients from five studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） score （mean difference was -1.49, 95%CI -1.87~-1.12, P < 0.000 01） of sleep quality in the first night in patients receiving perioperative intravenous magnesium sulfate was better than that in the control group, and there were no significant differences in postoperative VAS pain scores under activity status, and the outcomes of nausea and vomiting, shivering and hypotension between two groups （all P > 0.05）. Conclusion Intravenous magnesium sulfate during perioperative period can improve postoperative sleep quality and bring clinical benefits to patients without severe adverse reactions.