Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of miR-223-3p on cognitive function recovery in rats with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage （HICH） and its regulatory mechanisms. Methods The rat model of HICH was constructed to analyze changes in miR-223-3p expression and cognitive function. Subsequently, miR-223-3p was overexpressed or knocked down to investigate its effects on the expression of the inflammasome NLRP3 and cognitive function in rats. NLRP3 was then knocked down to confirm its role in cognitive function in HICH rats. Finally, a luciferase assay was performed to identify the direct targeting effect of miR-223-3p on NLRP3. Results The expression of miR-223-3p was upregulated in the brain tissues of HICH rats. miR-223-3p inhibits NLRP3 expression and recovers cognitive function in rats. The luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-223-3p could directly target the mRNA of NLRP3 and downregulate its expression. Conclusion miR-223-3p downregulates NLRP3 expression by binding to its mRNA, thereby promoting the recovery of cognitive function in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage.