Abstract: Objective To investigate the social cognition characteristics of the healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia. Methods Social cognition was assessed with faux pas recognition test, eye emotion discrimination task, and Iowa gambling task （IGT） and statistically compared between 102 healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia and 91 healthy controls with no family history of mental disorders or hereditary neurological diseases. Results The score of faux pas recognition test in the healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia was significantly lower than that in the healthy controls （P < 0.001）. The scores of discriminating sadness, surprise, fear and anger in eye emotion discrimination task in the healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia were remarkably lower compared with those in the healthy controls （all P < 0.05）.No statistical significance was found in the scores of discriminating happiness and disgust in eye emotion discrimination task and the scores of IGT between two groups （all P > 0.05）. Conclusion The healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia suffer from functional impairment in emotion recognition and theory of mind, prompting that they might be a genetic phenotype of schizophrenia.