Abstract: Objective To explore the risk factors of inducing acute onset of gout in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding and gout history, aiming to guide clinical prevention and treatment. Methods Clinical data of 107 hospitalized patients with peptic ulcer bleeding and gout history were retrospectively analyzed. Relevant parameters were statistically analyzed to explore the potential risk factors of inducing the onset of gout. Results Among all patients, 60.7%（65/107）cases with a history of gout and peptic ulcer bleeding developed acute onset of gout after admission. The length of hospital stay of patients with acute onset of gout （n = 65） was （9.00±6.55） d, significantly longer than （6.67±2.65） d of their counterparts without acute onset of gout （n = 42）（P < 0.05）. Univariate analysis suggested that drinking, total platelet count and blood transfusion were significantly associated with the acute onset of gout （all P < 0.05）. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that drinking, total platelet count and blood transfusion were the independent risk factors of acute onset of gout. Conclusions Drinking, elevated platelet count and blood transfusion are significantly associated with the acute onset of gout in patients with gout and peptic ulcer bleeding during hospitalization. The length of hospital stay of patients with acute onset of gout is longer than that of those without acute onset of gout.