Abstract: Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminate （LPD） is a rare benign proliferative disease characterized by the presence of multiple nodules composed of smooth muscle tissues scattered in the pelvic and abdominal peritoneum, omentum, intestines, mesentery and recto-uterine pouch. Most patients present with non-specific symptoms. Single case reports have been reported at home and abroad. Cellular leiomyoma is a special type of leiomyoma. Few cases of LPD secondary to cellular leiomyoma have been described. In this article, one case of cellular leiomyoma presenting with LPD at 5 months after myomectomy was reported. In this patient, the nodules of LPD grew to 9 cm in a short period of time. The growth was rapid, which was extremely rare. In this article, literature review was performed to investigate the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of LPD, explore its relationship with cellular leiomyoma, and summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience of this case.