Abstract: Primary nephrotic syndrome （PNS） is one of the most common types of glomerular diseases in children, which is also an important cause of chronic renal insufficiency in children in China. Due to autoimmune disorders and the use of hormones and immunosuppressants, children with PNS are more prone to respiratory tract infections than normal counterparts. The effect and mechanism of different pathogens upon pediatric PNS also differ. In this article, the effect of viruses, bacteria, mycoplasma and other pathogens on PNS pediatric was reviewed, aiming to provide theoretical basis for improving clinical efficacy and prognosis of PNS children.