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注意缺陷多动障碍症状对情绪行为问题的影响：执行功能不同维度的平行中介作用

Influence of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on emotional behavioral problems： parallel mediating effect of different dimensions of executive function

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的 探讨执行功能的两个维度——行为管理指数（BRI）和元认知指数（MI）在注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）症状与儿童情绪行为问题之间的中介作用。方法 选择符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第5版（DSM-5）诊断标准的102名6~12岁 ADHD儿童为研究对象,使用自编一般情况调查表、中文版斯诺佩评估量表第4版（SNAP-Ⅳ）-父母版、执行功能行为评定量表（BRIEF）-父母版、长处和困难问卷（SDQ）-父母版进行调查,并进行平行中介效应分析。结果 注意缺陷、多动-冲动、BRI、MI及情绪行为问题相互间呈正相关（r = 0.409~0.934,P < 0.001）。注意缺陷症状正向预测BRI、MI及情绪行为问题（β = 1.459、1.114、0.294,均P < 0.01）,BRI和MI正向预测情绪行为问题（β = 0.224、0.080,均P < 0.05）,即BRI和MI在注意缺陷与情绪行为问题之间起平行中介作用,中介效应占总效应的58.73%。多动-冲动症状正向预测BRI、MI及情绪行为问题（β = 1.071、2.057、0.223,均P < 0.05）,BRI正向预测情绪行为问题（β = 0.333,P < 0.001）,MI对情绪行为问题的预测作用无统计学意义（β = 0.026,P > 0.05）,即BRI在多动-冲动症状与情绪行为问题间起部分中介作用,其中介效应占总效应的64.72%。结论 ADHD儿童BRI和MI在症状和情绪行为问题间起中介作用。

     

    Abstract: Objective To explore the mediating role of behavioral regulation index （BRI） and metacognition index （MI）, two dimensions of executive function, in the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） symptoms and children’s emotional behavioral problems. Methods A total of 102 children with ADHD aged 6-12 years old who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition （DSM-5） criteria were selected as the study subjects. They were investigated with the self-made general situation questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Swanson Nolan and Pelham, version Ⅳ for ADHD （SNAP-Ⅳ）-parent form, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function （BRIEF） -parent form, and parent edition of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire （SDQ）. Parallel mediating effect was analyzed. Results Positive correlations were found among attention deficit, hyperactivity-impulsivity, BRI, MI, and emotional behavioral problems, respectively （r = 0.409-0.934, all P < 0.001）. Attention deficit positively predicted BRI, MI and emotional behavioral problems （β = 1.459, 1.114, 0.294, all P < 0.01）. BRI and MI positively predicted emotional behavioral problems （β = 0.224, β = 0.080, both P < 0.05）, suggesting that behavioral regulation index and metacognition index played a partial mediating role between attention deficit and emotional behavioral problems, and the mediating effect accounted for 58.73% of the total effect. Hyperactive-impulsivity positively predicted BRI, MI and emotional behavioral problems （β = 1.071, 2.057, 0.223, all P < 0.05）, BRI positively predicted emotional behavioral problems （β = 0.333, P < 0.001）, but MI did not predict emotional behavioral problems （β = 0.026, P > 0.05）, indicating that only behavioral management played a partial mediating role between hyperactive-impulsivity and emotional behavioral problems. The mediating effect accounted for 64.72% of the total effect. Conclusion BRI and MI play a mediating role between emotional behavioral problems and symptoms in ADHD children.

     

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