Abstract: Objective: To study the implication of FHIT in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma(OTSCC). Methods: The expression of FHIT was detected by immunohistochemical staining in lingual samples from 126 patients with OTSCC, 39 patients with leukoplakia lingualis and 30 health subjects for analysis. Results: The positive rates of FHIT in OTSCC, precancerous lesions and normal tissues were 54%, 79%, 100%, respectively. Significant differences in positive rates of FHIT were observed among groups (P<0.05).The expression of FHIT in OTSCC was significant difference among different differentiation, with the well-differentiated lesion expressing the highest and the poorly differentiated lesion expressing the lowest (P<0.05). Conclusion: The result suggests that the change of the expression of FHIT is involved in the occurrence of the OTSCC. FHIT may be applicable to tongue cancer detection.