Abstract: Objective：To determine the frequency and specificity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and thyroperoxidase antibodies（TPOAb) in a series of patients with untreated newly-diagnosed Graves disease and to evaluate the relationship between ANCA and TPOAb. Methods：Sixty patients with untreated newly-diagnosed Graves disease were assigned to study group and forty health subjects with euthyroid were used as control group. Serum ANCA was determined by indirect immunofluorescence. Serum TPOAb was detected by radioimmunoassay. The prevalence of ANCA and TPOAb was compared between the two groups. Meta-analysis was performed on the publications about the relationship between ANCA and untreated Graves disease during 1994～2005. Results:ANCA(cANCA) was detected only in 2 of 60(3%) serum samples of study group and was not detected in control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups.TPOAb was detected 34 of 60 (57%) patients with GD and was not detected in control group. There were significant differences between the two groups(P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in ANCA positivity between TPOAb-positive and negative group. Nine publication were found with a prevalence of 0～50%（0～6% except in 1 publication where the prevalence was 50%). Conclusion:The detection rate of ANCA in Graves disease is low.There is probably no cross reaction between ANCA and TPOAb.