深圳地区女性乳腺癌危险因素病例对照研究——附95例报告

胡萍香; 林馥纯

摘要: 目的：探讨深圳地区女性乳腺癌发病的危险因素，为乳腺癌的病因研究及一级预防提供依据。方法：采用病例对照研究方法，选取经组织病理学确诊的女性乳腺癌患者95例，同期行体检的健康人95名作为健康对照组，采用统一问卷调查表采集乳腺癌相关危险因素资料，然后进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果：单因素分析显示，流产次数多（OR=2.438），性生活不和谐（OR=4.815），口服避孕药（OR=7.267），乳腺增生病史（OR=2.122），子宫肌瘤病史（OR=2.470），卵巢囊肿病史（OR=6.089），肝病病史（OR=10.870），被动吸烟年限长（OR=6.082），脾气急躁（OR=1.976），平时容易发怒（OR=2.860），喜欢吃油炸食品（OR=2.852），长期穿坚硬胸罩（OR=7.267）是乳腺癌发病的危险因素（P<0.05或0.01）；哺乳时间长（OR=0.284）及睡眠时间长（OR=0.239）乳腺癌发病的保护因素（P<0.05或0.01）。多因素分析结果显示，流产次数多（OR=2.075）、口服避孕药(OR=9.360)，卵巢囊肿病史(OR=13.349)，肝炎病史(OR=13.146)，被动吸烟时间长(OR=2.035)，长期穿坚硬胸罩(OR=6.729)为乳腺癌的危险因素（P<0.05或0.01）。结论：流产次数多，口服避孕药，卵巢囊肿病史，肝病史，被动吸烟年限长，长期穿坚硬胸罩为深圳地区女性乳腺癌的危险因素。

Abstract: Objective：To explore the risk factors of female breast cancer in Shenzhen city and to provide foundation for studying the etiology and primary prevention. Methods：95 breast cancer patients with histopathological diagnosis were selected as case while 95 healthy females who took health examination in the corresponding period were selected as control group. All data were collected with a unified questionnaire. logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. Results：One-way analysis showed that the risk factors were those as bellow: high frequency abortion, not harmony sexual life, oral contraceptives, hyperplasia of mammary glands ，uterine fibroids ，ovarian cystosis , hepatopathy, great pressure , usually taking fried food and long years of passive smoking or dressing hard bra. while longtime of breast-feeding or sleeping were proved as Protective factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high frequency abortion, oral contraceptives, ovarian cystosis ,hepatopathy, long years of passive smoking or dressing hard bra were associated with female breast cancer. Conclusion：high frequency abortion, oral contraceptives, ovarian cystosis , hepatopathy, long years of passive smoking or dressing hard bra are risk factors for female breast cancer