Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationships between abnormal karyotypes of fetal chorionic villus cells and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Methods: The subjects were divided into two groups: early recurrent abortion and first early spontaneous abortion group. 104 samples of fetal villus tissue cells were detected by the conventional G-banding chromosome analysis after uterine curettage. Results: There were 22 cases (39.3%) with chromosome number abnormality in recurrent abortion group, 30 cases(66.7%) in first early spontaneous abortion group. The rate of abnormal karyotypes in recurrent abortion group were lower than that in first early spontaneous abortion group（ 42.9% vs 66.7%，P＜0. 05）. The rate of antosomal triploid in recurrent abortion group were lower than that in first early spontaneous abortion group（21.4% vs 57.8%，P＜0. 05）.No statistical difference were found between the two groups in the rate of sexual chromosome abnormalities（12.5% vs 8.9%，P=0.565）.Conclusion: The chromosome abnormality contributed significantly to early spontaneous abortion. Other predisposing factors should be taken into account in early recurrent abortion.