Abstract: Exosomes are lipid bilayer membrane vesicles that are widely distributed in peripheral blood, saliva, urine, ascites and other fluids. A variety of tumor-related genes in exosomes are involved in the information exchange between cancer cells and normal cells, as well as the process of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, play an important role in tumor development, and are potential biomarkers for tumor liquid biopsy. In recent years, surface plasmon resonance （SPR） is considered to have great application potential in the characterization of exosomes due to its high sensitivity, small sample size required for testing, short detection time and low background interference, etc. In this article, the basic principle of SPR and the application prospect of SPR-based biosensing platform in exosomes characterization were mainly illustrated.