
新型体重管理药物与减重代谢手术的角色再思考
Copy editor: 郑巧兰
收稿日期: 2025-04-30
网络出版日期: 2025-07-02
基金资助
江苏省科教能力提升工程/江苏省医学重点学科建设基金(ZDXK202222)
Revisiting the role of novel weight management medications and bariatric surgery
Received date: 2025-04-30
Online published: 2025-07-02
近二十年来全球肥胖患病率持续上升,肥胖与代谢性疾病、心血管疾病和其他疾病风险增加、生活质量下降以及预期寿命缩短密切相关。目前已知减重(代谢)手术是强效减重措施,研究显示其减重效果可持续10年以上。此外,减重手术还可改善2型糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常等心血管代谢风险因素,对于其他肥胖相关的疾病也有很好的治疗效果,比如多囊卵巢综合征、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、骨关节病等。研究表明接受减重手术的患者全因死亡率、心血管事件及癌症风险均降低。但减重手术普及性有限,且患者接受度仍有待提高。近年来,胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RA,例如司美格鲁肽)和GLP-1/GIP双受体激动剂(例如替尔泊肽)的涌现展现了持续用药下显著的减重效果。与减重手术相似,这些药物也能改善2型糖尿病结局、心血管死亡率及其他相关并发症。文章比较减重手术与肠促胰岛素激动剂在减重效果、并发症发生率、风险特征、成本效益及公平性等方面差异,探讨这些流行药物和减重手术在肥胖症治疗领域的应用价值和前景。
梁辉 . 新型体重管理药物与减重代谢手术的角色再思考[J]. 新医学, 2025 , 56(6) : 553 -559 . DOI: 10.12464/j.issn.0253-9802.2025-0156
The global prevalence of obesity has continued to rise globally over the past two decades. Obesity is closely associated with increased risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, and other diseases, reduced quality of life and shortened life expectancy. Bariatric surgery is recognized as a highly effective weight loss measure, with studies showing its effects lasting more than 10 years. Moreover, bariatric surgery not only leads to weight loss but also improves cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. It also demonstrates sound therapeutic effects on other obesity-related diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), sleep apnea, and osteoarthritis. Studies have shown that patients undergoing bariatric surgery have reduced all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events and cancer risk.The emergence of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapies (GLP-1 RA, semaglutide) and GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonist (tirzepatide) has demonstrated significant weight loss effects with continuous use. Similar to bariatric surgery, these drugs can improve outcomes for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular mortality, and other obesity-related complications. The article compares bariatric surgery with enteral proinsulin agonists in terms of weight loss efficacy, complication rates, risk profile, cost-effectiveness, and accessibility, explores the value and promise of these popular drugs and bariatric surgery in the treatment of obesity.
Key words: Bariatric surgery; GLP-1 receptor agonists; Incretin; Semaglutide; Tirzepatide; Obesity
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